Biotecnologia no Brasil: uma análise empírica a partir dos dados da PINTEC

XX Encontro Nacional de Economia Política: desenvolvimento Latino-Americano, Integração e Inserção Internacional - UNILA, Foz do Iguaçu, 26 a 29 de maio de 2015A biotecnologia vem sendo amplamente discutida, principalmente por estar possibilitando diversos avanços nas áreas do meio ambiente, saúde, humana e animal, e agrícola. Os transbordamentos de conhecimento gerados pelo desenvolvimento de biotecnologia demonstram a sua abrangência e importância, o que não nos permite trata-la apenas como um elemento que compõe um sistema setorial de inovação, mas também como um paradigma técnico-econômico essencialmente multidisciplinar. No trabalho procuramos identifi car qual o perfi l das empresas nacionais de biotecnologia, comparando-as com empresas de outros diversos setores, no que se refere as características essenciais, o esforço e desempenho inovativo, identifi cando como estas empresas interagem entre si e com outros agentesBanco Nacional de Desenvolvimento Econômico e Social (BNDES); Usina Hidrelétrica de Itaipu (ITAIPU); Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) e Universidade Federal da Integração Latino-Americana (UNILA

The role of the agreement as a tool for management of property relations in cases of cross border marriages and civil unions/partnerships registered under the EU regulations nr. 1103 and 1104/2016.

The essay examines the role of the agreement as a tool for managing property relationships in crossborder marriages and registered partnerships, in light of EU Regulations 1103 and 1104 of 2016, on the property regimes of international married or registered couples. The main prerogative of such acts is the recognition of the parties? freedom to choose the court and the applicable law. The law governing the matrimonial property regimes, or the property consequences of registered partnerships, has universal scope. This agreement in the form envisaged, which is backed by the need for legal certainty and predictability of the applicable rules, means that the spouses, in family problems which have cross-border implications, are faced with a uniform system of rules on ?conflict? which can resolve them. Therefore, with reference to the ?applicable law?, Regulation 1103 provides ample scope for contractual autonomy, both explicitly and implicitly. Thus, the contractual autonomy in this provision appears to be the first point of connection between the different systems, the hard base on which the contractual structure provided for in the Regulation is built, which strengthens the objectives of both civil law systems, which open the way to a moderate interpretation of general clauses by the courts, and of common law systems which give effect to a moderate interpretation of the will of the courts. Go away

Milky Way type galaxies in a LCDM cosmology

We analyse a sample of 52,000 Milky Way (MW) type galaxies drawn from the publicly available galaxy catalogue of the Millennium Simulation with the aim of studying statistically the differences and similarities of their properties in comparison to our Galaxy. Model galaxies are chosen to lie in haloes with maximum circular velocities in the range 200-250 km/seg and to have bulge-to-disk ratios similar to that of the Milky Way. We find that model MW galaxies formed quietly through the accretion of cold gas and small satellite systems. Only 12 per cent of our model galaxies experienced a major merger during their lifetime. Most of the stars formed in situ, with only about 15 per cent of the final mass gathered through accretion. Supernovae and AGN feedback play an important role in the evolution of these systems. At high redshifts, when the potential wells of the MW progenitors are shallower, winds driven by supernovae explosions blow out a large fraction of the gas and metals. As the systems grow in mass, SN feedback effects decrease and AGN feedback takes over, playing a more important role in the regulation of the star formation activity at lower redshifts. Although model Milky Way galaxies have been selected to lie in a narrow range of maximum circular velocities, they nevertheless exhibit a significant dispersion in the final stellar masses and metallicities. Our analysis suggests that this dispersion results from the different accretion histories of the parent dark matter haloes. Statically, we also find evidences to support the Milky Way as a typical Sb/Sc galaxy in the same mass range, providing a suitable benchmark to constrain numerical models of galaxy formationComment: 10 pages, 7 figures, mne2.cls, MNRAS, replaced with accepted versio

A joint approach for strategic bidding of a microgrid in energy and spinning reserve markets

n the electricity market, short-term operation is organized in day-ahead and real-time stages. The two stages that are performed in different time intervals have reciprocal effects on each other. The paper shows the strategy of a microgrid that participates to both day-ahead energy and spinning reserve market. It is supposed that microgrid is managed by a prosumer, a decision maker who manages distributed energy sources, storage units, Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) elements, and loads involved in the grid. The strategy is formulated considering that all decisions about the amount of power to sell in both markets and the price links to the offer, must be taken contextually and at the same time, that is through a joint approach. In order to develop an optimal bidding strategy for energy markets, prosumer implements a nonlinear mixed integer optimization model: in this way, by aggregating and coordinating various distributed energy sources, including renewable energy sources, micro-turbines–electricity power plants, combined heat and power plants, heat production plants (boilers), and energy storage systems, prosumer is able to optimally allocate the capacities for energy and spinning reserve market and maximize its revenues from different markets. Moreover, it is considered that both generators and loads can take part in the reserve market. The demand participation happens through both shiftable and curtailable loads. Case studies based on microgrid with various distributed energy sources demonstrate the market behavior of the prosumer using the proposed bidding model

Effect of time and of precursor molecule on the deposition of hydrophobic nanolayers on ethyelene tetrafluoroethylene–silicon oxide substrates

A method was developed for generating transparent and hydrophobic nanolayers chemisorbed onto flexible substrates of ethylene tetrafluoroethylene–silicon oxide (ETFE–SiOx). In particular, the effect of the deposition time and of the precursor molecule on the nanocoating process was analyzed with the aim of pursuing an optimization of the above method in an industrial application perspective. It was found that precursor molecule of triethoxysilane allowed to obtain better hydrophobic properties on the SiOx surface in shorter times compared to trichlorosilane, reaching the 92 % of final contact angle (CA) value of 106° after only 1 h of deposition. The optical properties and surface morphology were also assessed in function of time, revealing that an initial transparency reduction is followed by a subsequent transmittance increase during the self assembly of fluoroalkylsilanes on the SiOx surface, coherently with the surface roughness analysis data. Encouraging results were also obtained in terms of oleophobic properties improvement of the nanocoated surfaces

Determination of the prosumer's optimal bids

This paper considers a microgrid connected with a medium-voltage (MV) distribution network. It is assumed that the microgrid, which is managed by a prosumer, operates in a competitive environment and participates in the day-ahead market. Then, as the first step of the short-term management problem, the prosumer must determine the bids to be submitted to the market. The offer strategy is based on the application of an optimization model, which is solved for different hourly price profiles of energy exchanged with the main grid. The proposed procedure is applied to a microgrid and four different its configurations were analyzed. The configurations consider the presence of thermoelectric units that only produce electricity, a boiler or/and cogeneration power plants for the thermal loads, and an electric storage system. The numerical results confirmed the numerous theoretical considerations that have been made

The human side of structural transformation

We show that the global human capital increase during the 20th-century contributed to structural transformation. We document that almost half of the decline in aggregate agricultural employment was driven by new birth cohorts entering the labor market. We use data on educational attainment and compile a comprehensive list of policy reforms to interpret the differences in agricultural employment across cohorts. We find that the increase in schooling led to a sharp reduction in the agricultural labor supply by equipping younger cohorts with skills more valued out of agriculture. Interpreted through an equilibrium model of frictional labor reallocation, these facts imply that human capital growth accounts for about 20% of the global decline in agricultural employment

Activation of the Heat Shock Factor 1 by Serine Protease Inhibitors AN EFFECT ASSOCIATED WITH NUCLEAR FACTOR-κB INHIBITION

Heat shock proteins (HSPs) have a cytoprotective role in several human diseases, including ischemia and viral infection. Nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB) is a critical regulator of inflammation and virus replication. Here we report that a class of serine protease inhibitors with NF-kappaB-inhibitory activity are potent HSP inducers via activation of heat shock transcription factor 1 (HSF1) in human cells. 3,4-Dichloroisocoumarin, the most effective compound, rapidly induces HSF1 DNA binding activity and phosphorylation, leading to transcription and translation of heat shock genes for a period of several hours. HSF1 activation is independent of de novo protein synthesis and is correlated in a concentration- and time-dependent manner with NF-kappaB inhibition. Cysteine protease inhibitors E64 and calpain inhibitor II, which do not block NF-kappaB activation, do not induce HSF DNA binding activity. HSP induction by 3,4-dichloroisocoumarin is associated with antiviral activity during rhabdovirus infection. These results identify a new class of HSP inducers and indicate a link between the regulatory pathways of HSF and NF-kappaB, suggesting novel strategies to simultaneously switch on cytoprotective genes and down-regulate inflammatory and viral genes

Activation of IκB Kinase by Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 A NOVEL TARGET FOR ANTI-HERPETIC THERAPY

Herpes simplex viruses (HSV) are ubiquitous pathogens causing a variety of diseases ranging from mild illness to severe life-threatening infections. HSV utilize cellular signaling pathways and transcription factors to promote their replication. Here we report that HSV type 1 (HSV-1) induces persistent activation of transcription factor NF-κB, a critical regulator of genes involved in inflammation, by activating the IκB kinase (IKK) in the early phase of infection. Activated NF-κB enhances HSV-1 gene expression. HSV-1-induced NF-κB activation is dependent on viral early protein synthesis and is not blocked by the anti-herpetic drug acyclovir. IKK inhibition by the anti-inflammatory cyclopentenone prostaglandin A1 blocks HSV-1 gene expression and reduces virus yield by more than 3000-fold. The results identify IKK as a potential target for anti-herpetic drugs and suggest that cyclopentenone prostaglandins or their derivatives could be used in the treatment of HSV infection